About the topic
Osteoporosis makes bones more fragile and easier to break. It often causes no symptoms until a fracture occurs, sometimes after a small fall. A clinician can assess your fracture risk and decide whether a bone density scan or treatment is needed.
Practical care & comfort
- Ask which strength, balance and weight-bearing activities are safe for you.
- Include calcium-rich foods; discuss vitamin D and any supplements with your clinician.
- Clear trip hazards at home and keep sight and hearing checks up to date.
Symptoms & signs
- Often no noticeable symptoms before a bone breaks.
- A fracture after a minor fall or impact.
- Loss of height or a more stooped posture can follow spinal fractures.
When to speak with a clinician: Discuss bone health after a minor-injury fracture, loss of height or a change in posture. Mention long-term steroid use and a family history of hip fracture.
Food & nutrition
Ask about your calcium and vitamin D needs. Food and supplements support, but do not replace, prescribed bone treatment.
Foods & nutrition to follow
- Include calcium-rich milk, yoghurt, calcium-set tofu or fortified alternatives.
- Vitamin D sources include oily fish, egg yolks and fortified foods.
Foods to limit or avoid
- Avoid excessive alcohol.
- Avoid retinol-containing supplements unless your clinician recommends them.
About this guide
General adult health information; it does not diagnose your symptoms or replace individual medical advice. Follow any plan your treating team has given you.
Further reading from the clinical sources used for this guide: